glycerol

glycerol /glyc·er·ol/ (-ol) a trihydroxy sugar alcohol that is the backbone of many lipids and an important intermediate in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Pharmaceutical preparations are called glycerin.

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glyc·er·ol (gls-rôl, -rl)

n.

A sweet syrupy fluid obtained by the saponification of fats and fixed oils, used as a solvent, a skin emollient, and as a vehicle and sweetening agent; it is also used by injection or in suppository form for constipation and orally to reduce ocular tension.

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glycerol (C₃H₈O₃)

[glis′ərôl]

Etymology: Gk, glykys, sweet

an alcohol that is a component of fats. Glycerol is soluble in ethyl alcohol and water. Also called 1, 2, 3-propanetriol. See also glycerin.

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glycerol,

n.pr an alcohol that is a component of fats. See also glycerin.

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glycerol

a trihydric sugar alcohol, CH₂OH⋅CHOH⋅CH₂OH, which is a component of triglycerides. Pharmaceutical preparations are called glycerin.

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glycerol guaiacolate

see glyceryl guaiacolate.

glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase

two enzymes, an NAD+-dependent form in the cytosol and an FAD-dependent form present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. These two enzymes complete the transfer of reducing power generated as NADH+H+ during glycolysis through to FADH₂ which can enter complex II of the oxidative phosphorylation sequence. This process is called the glycerophosphate shuttle.

glycerol phosphate shuttle

main means for the transfer of reducing power generated in the cytosol as NADH+H+ to the mitochondrion as FADH₂ so that ATP can be generated in oxidative phosphorylation. There is the loss of one potential ATP as a consequence of this shuttle. Commonly found in the brain.