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genioglossus
(redirected from Genioglossus muscle)

   Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia 0.02 sec.
ge·ni·o·glos·sus (jn--glss)
n.
Either of a pair of lingual muscles with origin in the mandible, with insertion to the lingual fascia below the mucous membrane and epiglottis, with nerve supply from the hypoglossal nerve, and whose action depresses and protrudes the tongue.

genioglossus,
one of the thick, fan-shaped extrinsic muscles that depress the central part of the tongue and protrude the anterior part of the tongue out of the oral fissure. The genioglossus muscles are innervated by the hypoglossal nerves.


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Among the possible causes of upper airway obstruction are the posterior displacement of a normal-sized tongue secondary to micrognathia and/or retrognathia, the loss of support of the genioglossus muscle, and negative pressure in the pharynx during swallowing and inspiration.
Anterior repositioning of the genioglossus muscle is achieved by a conservative mandibular osteotomy that advances the genial tubercle without moving the teeth or mandible.
The genioglossus muscle, for instance, responds to chemoreceptor stimuli by contracting in order to increase upper airway patency.
 
 
 
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