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Genetics |
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genetics /ge·net·ics/ (je-net´iks) the study of heredity. biochemical genetics the science concerned with the chemical and physical nature of genes and the mechanism by which they control the development and maintenance of the organism. clinical genetics the study of genetic factors influencing the occurrence of a pathologic condition.
Genetics The study of hereditary traits passed on through the genes. Mentioned in: Gene Therapy genetics, n branch of scientific study concerned with heredity and the causes of variance between related organisms. genetics, n the science that deals with the origin of the characteristics of an individual. genetics the branch of biology dealing with the phenomena of heredity and the laws governing it. Expressed in other definitions, e.g. population genetics. biochemical genetics the science concerned with the chemical and physical nature of genes and the mechanism by which they control the development and maintenance of the organism. The field of biochemical or molecular genetics is relatively new and is increasingly used to define the cause of many inherited diseases. These diseases usually result from defective protein synthesis, such as hemophilia A and immunodeficiency, and more than 200 so-called 'inborn errors' of metabolism identified thus far in animals, such as mannosidosis and galactosemia, in which lack or alteration of a specific enzyme prohibits proper metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins or fats and thus produces clinical signs. clinical genetics the study of the possible genetic factors influencing the occurrence of a pathological condition. In addition to the diseases mentioned under biochemical genetics, other aspects of clinical genetics include the study of chromosomal aberrations, such as those that cause testicular hypoplasia, and immunogenetics, or the genetic aspects of the immune response and the transmission of genetic factors from generation to generation. molecular genetics the study of the molecular structure of genes, involving DNA and RNA. See also deoxyribonucleic acid. |
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Like CSI detectives, these geneticists tackle the prevailing questions of the 21st century in their quest to help us understand and transform our lives. Geneticists have long hypothesized that they could identify disease-causing chunks of DNA by sifting through the genomes of ethnically mixed populations and noting where people with a disease tend to have genes from the same ancestral source, says David Reich of Harvard Medical School in Boston. By updating the base every five years, as USDA has been doing since the mid-1980s, dairy geneticists and producers are better able to judge genetic progress over time. |
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Geneticists
