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GM-CSF |
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GM-CSF granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) A substance produced by cells of the immune system that stimulates the attack upon foreign cells. Used to treat prostate cancers as a genetically engineered component of a vaccine that stimulates the body to attack prostate tissue. Mentioned in: Prostate Cancer GM-CSF, abbreviation for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. GM-CSF granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. sargramostim (GM-CSF) Leukine Pharmacologic class: Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor Therapeutic class: Hematopoietic agent Pregnancy risk category C ActionStimulates proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells that activate mature granulocytes and macrophages of target cells AvailabilityLiquid: 500 mcg/ml Powder for injection: 250 mcg ⊘Indications and dosages ➣ Post peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) transplantation Adults: 250 mcg/m2/day I.V. over 24 hours or subcutaneously once daily, starting immediately after progenitor cell infusion ➣ Mobilization of PBPCs into peripheral blood for collection by leukapheresis Adults: 250 mcg/m2/day I.V. over 24 hours or subcutaneously once daily, continued throughout harvesting ➣ Neutrophil recovery after chemotherapy in acute myelogenous leukemia Adults: 250 mcg/m2/day I.V. over 4 hours, starting 4 days after completion of chemotherapy induction ➣ Bone-marrow transplantation failure or engraftment delay Adults: 250 mcg/m2/day as 2-hour I.V. infusion for 14 days. If engraftment doesn't occur, may repeat after 7 days of drug hiatus. ➣ Myeloid reconstitution after autologous or allogeneic bone-marrow transplantation Adults: 250 mcg/m2/day as a 2-hour I.V. infusion, starting 2 to 4 hours after autologous bone marrow infusion and at least 24 hours after last chemotherapy or radiotherapy dose Off-label uses• Crohn's disease Contraindications• Hypersensitivity to drug, its components, or yeast products PrecautionsUse cautiously in: Administration☞ Don't give within 24 hours of chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
Adverse reactionsCNS: malaise, asthenia CV: peripheral edema, tachycardia, hypotension, transient supraventricular tachycardia, pericardial effusion GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, stomatitis, GI hemorrhage GU: urinary tract disorder, abnormal renal function Hematologic: blood dyscrasias, hemorrhage Hepatic: hepatic damage Musculoskeletal: joint pain, myalgia, bone pain Respiratory: dyspnea, lung disorder Skin: rash, alopecia Other: fever, chills, sepsis, edema, first-dose reaction (respiratory distress, hypoxia, syncope, tachycardia, hypotension, flushing) InteractionsDrug-drug. Corticosteroids, lithium: potentiation of myeloproliferative effects Vincristine: severe peripheral neuropathy Patient monitoring• Monitor for dyspnea. Halve dosage and contact prescriber if dyspnea occurs. Patient teaching☞ Tell patient sargramostim is a powerful drug that can cause significant adverse reactions. Teach him to recognize and report serious reactions at once. GM-CSF Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, sargramostim, Leukine, Prokine A hematopoietic growth factor and immune modulator produced by granulocytes, macrophages, monocytes, lymphocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells;
rGM-CSF–sargramostim may be used to ↑WBCs in AIDS, or stimulate hematopoiesis after high dose chemotherapy in autologous BMT; it may be used as an immune 'tonic' in CA and AIDS Pts, anemia, ↑ survival of BMTs, ↓
infections in congenital neutropenia Adverse effects Bone pain, rash, fever. See Biological response modifiers, Sargramostim. Cf G-CSF. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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When given to chronically HIV-infected patients during an STI, GM-CSF blunted viral rebound and substantially prevented decreases in CD4 T cells in the absence of antiretroviral treatment. Researchers know these naturally occurring molecules by many acronyms, including G-CSF, GM-CSF and EPO. E75 is administered as a vaccine consisting of the peptide mixed with GM-CSF (sargramostim or Leukine([R])) as an immunoadjuvant and administered intradermally on a monthly basis for six months. |
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