endometrial polyp

endometrial polyp,

a pedunculated overgrowth of endometrium, usually benign. Polyps are a common cause of vaginal bleeding in perimenopausal women and are often associated with other uterine abnormalities, such as endometrial hyperplasia or fibroids. They may occur singly or in clusters and are usually 1 cm or less in diameter, but they may become much larger and prolapse through the cervix. Treatment for the condition includes surgical dilation and curettage.

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endometrial

pertaining to or emanating from the endometrium.

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endometrial biopsy

punch biopsy specimens obtained in the mare and cow by passing the instrument through the cervix and controlling the site of the biopsy by a hand in the rectum.

endometrial cups

ulcer-like structures in the endometrium of the pregnant mare. They are produced by the fetus but become detached from it. Their function is to produce equine gonadotropin, formerly PMSG.

endometrial curettage

débridement of the endometrium by metal curette is not practiced in animals but a chemical equivalent, by the infusion of irritant substances, is used instead.

endometrial cyst

in cows and ewes near caruncles; develop during uterine involution due to adhesions from the caruncle; no clinical importance.

cystic endometrial hyperplasia

pathological hyperplasia of endometrium, as distinct from the physiological state, due in most instances to excessive and prolonged estrogenic stimulation; characterized by thickening of the endometrium, development of mucus-filled glands and the accumulation of mucus in the lumen of the uterus. Associated with cystic ovarian disease in cows. In ewes it is usually due to prolonged low level intake of phyto-estrogens, e.g. on subterranean clover pasture. It may be a precursor of or associated with pyometra, especially in the dog where the hormonal cause is progesterone. See also pyometra.

endometrial folds

in the mare these run the length of the uterus as observed by fiberscope.

endometrial glands

provide uterine fluid (histotrophe) on which the developing fetus depends for subsistence during its first few days of existence.

endometrial hyperplasia with pyometra

see cystic endometrial hyperplasia.

endometrial polyp

found in the bitch and may cause prolapse of the affected horn with the polyp visible in the vagina.

endometrial regeneration

postpartum return to normal of the endometrium, e.g. in cows by the sloughing of superficial layers of caruncles.