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clinical trial |
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trial /tri·al/ (tri´al) (trīl) a test or experiment. clinical trial an experiment performed on human beings in order to evaluate the comparative efficacy of two or more therapies.
Clinical trial All new drugs undergo clinical trials before approval. Clinical trials are carefully conducted tests in which effectiveness and side effects are studied, with the placebo effect eliminated. Mentioned in: Gene Therapy, Multiple Sclerosis
clinical trial, n a trial based upon the scientific method in which a control group and a test group are compared over time in order to study a single, differing factor.
trial, randomized controlled (RCT) An experimental design used for testing the effectiveness of a new medication or a new therapeutic procedure. Individuals are assigned randomly to a treatment group (experimental therapy) and a control group (placebo or standard therapy) and the outcomes are compared. The trial is strengthened by 'blinding' or masking (single-blind, double-blind or triple-blind study) and cross-over design. RCT is the most accepted scientific method of determining the benefit of a drug or a therapeutic procedure. It represents the best evidence available, which is integrated into the final decision about the management of a condition by healthcare practitioners in what is called evidence-based healthcare. Syn. randomized clinical trial. See sampling; significance; study.
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In randomized, controlled trials, two identical groups are divided randomly into a control group and an experimental group; both groups are followed prospectively for specific endpoints. The corrected sentence with the inclusion of reference 1 is: "His comments supported the fact that studies of prognosis are being recognized for their clinical importance and that--as we move toward the application of their results to clinical practice (1)--their methods are undergoing the same scrutiny that the reporting of randomized controlled trials was going through several years ago. Our review highlights the limitations of existing data; however, since further individually randomized, controlled trials of IPT would be inappropriate, additional data of this type are unlikely to become available. |
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