Conditioning

conditioning /con·di·tion·ing/ (-ing)

1. learning in which a stimulus initially incapable of evoking a certain response becomes able to do so by repeated pairing with another stimulus that does evoke the response.

2. in physical medicine, improvement of the physical state with a program of exercise.

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aversive conditioning  learning in which punishment or other unpleasant stimulation is used to reduce the frequency of an undesirable response.

instrumental conditioning , operant conditioning learning in which the frequency of a particular voluntary response is altered by the application of positive or negative consequences.

pavlovian conditioning  conditioning (1).

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con·di·tion·ing (kn-dsh-nng)

n.

A process of behavior modification by which a subject comes to associate a desired behavior with a previously unrelated stimulus.

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Conditioning

Process of preparing patient to receive marrow donation, often through the use of chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

Mentioned in: Bone Marrow Transplantation

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conditioning,

n a form of learning based on the development of a response or set of responses to a stimulus or series of stimuli.

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conditioning

1. learning; behavior modification in animals.

2. preparation of young cattle for shipment and entry into a feedlot. The procedure varies but usually includes vaccination against potential pathogens, prophylactic treatment for worms and lice, administration of vitamins and when necessary feeding of antibiotics and introduction to the kind of diet likely to be fed.

3. tenderizing of meat by careful storage at an appropriate temperature for a sufficiently long period.

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aversive conditioning

behavior modification using an adverse stimulus in response to the inappropriate or undesirable behavior. Called also avoidance.

classical conditioning

a form of learning in which a response is elicited by a neutral stimulus which previously had been repeatedly presented in conjunction with the stimulus that originally elicited the response. Called also respondent conditioning, Pavlovian conditioning.

The concept had its beginnings in experimental techniques for the study of reflexes. The traditional procedure is based on the work of Ivan P. Pavlov, a Russian physiologist. In this technique the experimental subject is a dog that is harnessed in a sound-shielded room. The neutral stimulus is the sound of a metronome or bell which occurs each time the dog is presented with food, and the response is the production of saliva by the dog. Eventually the sound of the bell or metronome produces salivation, even though the stimulus that originally elicited the response (the food) is no longer presented.

instrumental conditioning

takes place only after the subject performs a specific act that has been previously designated. The most common form of this conditioning uses an instrument such as a bar that must be pressed by the subject to achieve the delivery of food or other reward.

odor conditioning

classical conditioning to odors of essential oils is an element in aromatherapy.

operant conditioning

learning in which a particular response is elicited by a stimulus because that response produces desirable consequences (reward).

Pavlovian conditioning

see classical conditioning (above).

respondent conditioning

see classical conditioning (above).