factor IX (redirected from Coagulation factor IXa)

factor IX

n.

A factor in the clotting of blood necessary for the formation of intrinsic blood thromboplastin; a deficiency of it causes hemophilia B. Also called antihemophilic globulin B, Christmas factor.

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factor IX,

a coagulation factor present in normal plasma but deficient in the blood of persons with hemophilia B. Also called Christmas factor.

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factor(s),

n a constituent, element, cause, or agent that influences a process or system; a gene; a dietary substance.

factor I (fibrinogen, profibrin),

n See fibrinogen.

factor II (prothrombin, component A, prothrombase, prothrombin B, thrombogen, thrombozyme),

n considered the only essential precursor of thrombin.

factor III (thromboplastin [tissue], thrombokinase, cytozyme platelet], thrombokinin [blood], thromboplastic protein),

n See thromboplastin.

factor IV (calcium, Ca),

n ionized and/or bound calcium, generally required for the coagulation of blood, although some early phases of coagulation and the thrombin-fibrinogen reaction can take place without calcium.

factor V (labile factor, proaccelerin, accelerin, acceleration factor, cofactor of thromboplastin, component A of prothrombin, plasma ac-globulin, plasma prothrombin conversion factor [PPCF], prothrombinase, prothrombin accelerator, prothrombin conversion accelerator I, thrombogen, thrombogene, proaccelerinaccelerin system),

n a factor apparently necessary for the formation of a prothrombin-converting substance in blood and tissue extracts–i.e., intrinsic and extrinsic prothrombin activators. A deficiency results in parahemophilia (hypoproaccelerinemia).

factor VI,

n term formerly used to indicate an intermediate product in the formation of thromboplastin and also used synonymously with accelerin and activated factor V. It has no designation at present.

factor VII (stable factor, serum prothrombin conversion accelerator SPCA], proconvertin, autoprothrombin I, cofactor V, component B of prothrombin,

cothromboplastin, kappa factor, precusor of serum prothrombin conversion accelerator [pro-SPCA], prothrombin conversion factor, prothrombin converting factor, prothrombin conversion accelerator II, proconvertinconvertin system, prothrombinogen, serozyme, stable factor),
n a factor that accelerates the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin in the presence of factors III, IV, and V; a serum factor necessary for the formation of extrinsic prothrombin activator.

factor VII deficiency,

n a deficiency associated with a lack of vitamin K. A deficiency may be congenital, or it may be acquired in liver disease, or from prothrombinopenic agents used in anticoagulation therapy; it results in a prolonged (quantitative) one-stage prothrombin time test.

factor VIII (antihemophilic factor [AHF], antihemophilic globulin, antihemophilic globulin A, antihemophilic factor A, plasma thromboplastin factor [PTF], plasmokinin, platelet cofactor I, prothrombokinase, thrombocatalysin, thrombocytolysin, thrombokatilysin, thromboplastic plasma component [TPC], thromboplastinogen),

n a factor essential for the formation of blood thromboplastin. A deficiency results in classic hemophilia (hemophilia A); the clotting time is prolonged, and thromboplastin and prothrombin conversion is diminished.

factor IX (Christmas factor, plasma thromboplastin component [PTC], antihemophilic factor B, antihemophilic globulin B, autoprothrombin II, beta prothromboplastin, plasma factor X, plasma thromboplastin factor B PTF-B], platelet cofactor II),

n a factor that is active in the formation of intrinsic blood thromboplastin. A deficiency results in Christmas disease (hemophilia B), which is caused by a decrease in the amount of thromboplastin formed.

factor X (Stuart-Prower factor, Stuart factor, Prower factor),

n a factor influencing the yield of intrinsic (plasma) thromboplastin. A deficiency results in a prolonged one-stage prothrombin time. Brain tissue or Russell's viper venom are used to test for thromboplastin deficiency.

factor XI (plasma thromboplastin antecedent [PTA], antihemophilic factor C, PTA factor, plasma thromboplastin factor C [PTF-C]),

n a factor related to intrinsic (plasma) thromboplastin activation, which occurs when blood is exposed to a foreign surface.

factor XI deficiency,

n a deficiency caused by an autosomal recessive gene resulting in a hemorrhagic tendency. See also hemophilia C.

factor XII (Hageman factor, antihemophilic factor D, clot-promoting factor, fifth plasma thromboplastin precursor, glass factor),

n a factor the absence of which results in a long clotting time and abnormal prothrombin consumption and thromboplastin generation tests when tests are carried out in glass tubes. No abnormal bleeding tendency occurs with a deficiency of the factor.

factor XIII,

n a coagulation factor present in normal plasma that acts with calcium to produce an insoluble fibrin clot. Also called
fibrinase or
fibrin stabilizing factor.

factor XIII deficiency,

n a deficiency caused by a deficiency of vitamin E.

factor, acceleration,

n See factor V.

factor, antihemophilic (AHF),

n See factor VIII.

factor, antihemophilic A,

n See factor VIII.

factor, antihemophilic B,

n See factor IX.

factor, antihemophilic C,

n See factor XI.

factor, antihemophilic D,

n See factor XII.

factor, antipernicious,

n See vitamin B₁₂.

factor, C (contact factor, contact activation product, third thromboplastic factor),

n a coagulation accelerator product formed by the interaction of active factor XII and factor XI.

factor, Castle's intrinsic (intrinsic factor),

n.pr a factor produced by the gastric mucosa and possibly the duodenal mucosa, and considered to be responsible for the absorption of vitamin B₁₂. See also anemia, pernicious.

factor, Christmas,

n See factor IX.

factor, clot-promoting,

n See factor XII.

factor, clotting,

n the “trace” proteins (excluding calcium) present in normal blood in such small amounts (except fibrinogen) that their presence is usually established by deductive reasoning and by genetic and biochemical characteristics. They are associated with thromboplastic activity and the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.

factor, contact,

n See factor C.

factor, environmental,

n the local conditions that modify tissue response (e.g., narrow interdental spaces, saddle areas, attachment of frenula, oblique ridges).

factor, erythrocyte-maturation (EMF),

n See vitamin B complex.

factor, etiologic,

n the element or influence that can be assigned as the cause or reason for a disease or lesion.

factor, extrinsic,

n See vitamin B complex.

factor, familial,

n a characteristic derived through heredity.

factor, glass,

n See factor XII.

factor, glucocorticoid,

n See hormone, “S.”

factor, Hageman,

n See factor XII.

factor, Hr,

n blood factors that are reciprocally related to the Rh factors. They are present in agglutinogens when the corresponding Rh factor is absent from the gene.

factor, hyperglycemic,

n See glucagon.

factor, hyperglycemic-glycogenolytic,

n See glucagon.

factor, intrinsic,

n See factor, Castle's intrinsic.

factor, kappa,

n See factor VII.

factor, labile,

n See factor V.

factor, local,

n the limited factors that include dental plaque, bacterial toxins and irritants, calculus, food impaction, and other surface and locally placed irritants that are capable of injuring the periodontium.

factor, pellagra-preventive,

n See acid, nicotinic.

factor, plasma prothrombin conversion (PPCF),

n See factor V.

factor, plasma thromboplastin (PTF),

n the substances with thromboplastic activity contributed by the plasma. Included are the antihemophilic factor, Christmas factor, plasma thromboplastin antecedent, and Hageman factor. See also factor VIII.

factor, plasma thromboplastin, A (PTF-A),

n See factor VIII.

factor, plasma thromboplastin, B (PTF-B),

n See factor IX.

factor, plasma thromboplastin, C (PTF-C),

n See factor XI.

factor, plasma thromboplastin, D (PTF-D),

n this factor is considered by some to be a fourth plasma substance with thromboplastic activity; not well characterized.

factor, plasma, X,

n See factor IX.

factor, platelet,

n a substance on or in the surface of blood platelet necessary for coagulation in the absence of extravascular thromboplastic substances.

factor, platelet, 1,

n either factor V or a factor with factor V activity; absorbed on platelets and accelerates conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.

factor, platelet, 2,

n a substance that accelerates the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.

factor, platelet, 3,

n a substance associated with thromboplastin generation activity.

factor, platelet, 4,

n an antiheparin factor.

factor, prothrombin conversion,

n See factor VII.

factor, prothrombin-converting,

n See factor VII.

factor, Prower,

n.pr See factor X.

factor, psychosomatic,

n the psychic, mental, or emotional factors that play a role in determining the initiation, course, and extent of a physical process, either directly or indirectly. Psychosomatic factors have been implicated in bruxism, clenching, and other oral habits.

factor, PTA (plasma thromboplastin antecedent factor),

n See factor XI.

factor, reparative,

n the ability of the tissues to heal or regenerate when they have been subjected to injury or disease.

factor, Rh,

n the agglutinogens of red blood cells responsible for isoimmune reactions such as occur in erythroblastosis fetalis and incompatible blood transfusions.

factor, spreading,

n an enzyme that increases the permeability of ground substance.

factor, stable,

n See factor VII.

factor, Stuart,

n.pr See factor X.

factor, Stuart-Prower,

n.pr See factor X.

factor, third thromboplastic,

n See factor C.

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factor IX (human)

AlphaNine SD, Mononine

Pharmacologic class: Blood modifier

Therapeutic class: Antihemophilic

Pregnancy risk category C

Action

Converts fibrinogen to fibrin, increasing levels of clotting factors

Availability

Powder for injection: Various strengths; units specified on label

⊘Indications and dosages

➣ Factor IX deficiency (hemophilia B or Christmas disease); anticoagulant overdose

Adults and children: Dosage individualized; drug administered I.V. Use following equations to calculate approximate units needed:

Human product - 1 unit/kg times body weight (in kg) times desired increase in factor IX level, expressed as percentage of normal

Recombinant product - 1.2 units/kg times body weight (in kg) times desired increase in factor IX level, expressed as percentage of normal

Proplex T - 0.5 unit/kg times body weight (in kg) times desired increase in factor IX level, expressed as percentage of normal

Off-label uses

• Hepatic dysfunction
• Esophagitis
• Unspecified GI hemorrhage (human product)

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to mouse or hamster protein (with BeneFix)
• Fibrinolysis

Precautions

Use cautiously in:
• recent surgery
• pregnant patients
• children younger than age 6 (safety and efficacy not established).

Administration

☞ Give by slow I.V. infusion. Average infusion rate is 100 units (2 to 3 ml)/minute; don't exceed 10 ml/minute.
• If prescribed, administer hepatitis B vaccine before giving factor IX.
• Know that dosage is highly individualized according to degree of factor IX deficiency, patient's weight, and bleeding severity.
• Don't use glass syringe. Don't shake reconstituted solution or mix with other I.V. solutions.

Route	Onset	Peak	Duration
I.V.	Immediate	10-30 min	Unknown

Adverse reactions

CNS: light-headedness, paresthesia, headache

CV: blood pressure changes, thromboembolic reactions, myocardial infarction (MI)

EENT: allergic rhinitis

GI: nausea, vomiting

Hematologic: disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Respiratory: pulmonary embolism

Skin: rash, flushing, diaphoresis, pruritus, urticaria

Other: altered taste, fever, chills, burning sensation in jaw and skull, pain at I.V. injection site, hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis

Interactions

Drug-drug. Aminocaproic acid: increased risk of thrombosis

Patient monitoring

• Be aware that factor IX complex may transmit hepatitis.
• Closely monitor vital signs during infusion.
☞ Observe for hemolytic reaction. If it occurs, stop infusion, flush line with saline solution, and notify prescriber immediately.
• Monitor I.V. injection site closely.
☞ Monitor coagulation studies closely. Know that drug may cause thromboembolic disorders, including MI and DIC.

Patient teaching

• Inform patient that drug may transmit diseases.
☞ Tell patient to immediately report signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity reaction, including rash, hives, tightness in chest, wheezing, shortness of breath, and swelling of throat or lips.
☞ Advise patient to immediately report unusual bleeding or bruising.
• Caution patient to avoid activities that can cause injury.
• Tell patient to wear medical identification stating that he has a blood-clotting disorder.
• Instruct patient to notify surgeon or dentist of his blood-clotting disorder before surgery or invasive dental procedures.
• As appropriate, review all other significant and life-threatening adverse reactions and interactions, especially those related to the drugs mentioned above.

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factor IX (recombinant)

BeneFix

Pharmacologic class: Blood modifier

Therapeutic class: Antihemophilic

Pregnancy risk category C

Action

Converts fibrinogen to fibrin, increasing levels of clotting factors

Availability

Powder for injection: Various strengths; units specified on label

⊘Indications and dosages

➣ Factor IX deficiency (hemophilia B or Christmas disease); anticoagulant overdose

Adults and children: Dosage individualized; drug administered I.V. Use following equations to calculate approximate units needed:

Human product - 1 unit/kg times body weight (in kg) times desired increase in factor IX level, expressed as percentage of normal

Recombinant product - 1.2 units/kg times body weight (in kg) times desired increase in factor IX level, expressed as percentage of normal

Proplex T - 0.5 unit/kg times body weight (in kg) times desired increase in factor IX level, expressed as percentage of normal

Off-label uses

• Hepatic dysfunction
• Esophagitis
• Unspecified GI hemorrhage (human product)

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to mouse or hamster protein (with BeneFix)
• Fibrinolysis

Precautions

Use cautiously in:
• recent surgery
• pregnant patients
• children younger than age 6 (safety and efficacy not established).

Administration

☞ Give by slow I.V. infusion. Average infusion rate is 100 units (2 to 3 ml)/minute; don't exceed 10 ml/minute.
• If prescribed, administer hepatitis B vaccine before giving factor IX.
• Know that dosage is highly individualized according to degree of factor IX deficiency, patient's weight, and bleeding severity.
• Don't use glass syringe. Don't shake reconstituted solution or mix with other I.V. solutions.

Route	Onset	Peak	Duration
I.V.	Immediate	10-30 min	Unknown

Adverse reactions

CNS: light-headedness, paresthesia, headache

CV: blood pressure changes, thromboembolic reactions, myocardial infarction (MI)

EENT: allergic rhinitis

GI: nausea, vomiting

Hematologic: disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Respiratory: pulmonary embolism

Skin: rash, flushing, diaphoresis, pruritus, urticaria

Other: altered taste, fever, chills, burning sensation in jaw and skull, pain at I.V. injection site, hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis

Interactions

Drug-drug. Aminocaproic acid: increased risk of thrombosis

Patient monitoring

• Be aware that factor IX complex may transmit hepatitis.
• Closely monitor vital signs during infusion.
☞ Observe for hemolytic reaction. If it occurs, stop infusion, flush line with saline solution, and notify prescriber immediately.
• Monitor I.V. injection site closely.
☞ Monitor coagulation studies closely. Know that drug may cause thromboembolic disorders, including MI and DIC.

Patient teaching

• Inform patient that drug may transmit diseases.
☞ Tell patient to immediately report signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity reaction, including rash, hives, tightness in chest, wheezing, shortness of breath, and swelling of throat or lips.
☞ Advise patient to immediately report unusual bleeding or bruising.
• Caution patient to avoid activities that can cause injury.
• Tell patient to wear medical identification stating that he has a blood-clotting disorder.
• Instruct patient to notify surgeon or dentist of his blood-clotting disorder before surgery or invasive dental procedures.
• As appropriate, review all other significant and life-threatening adverse reactions and interactions, especially those related to the drugs mentioned above.

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factor IX

Christmas factor, coagulation factor IX Hematology An intrinsic pathway factor which, when activated–IXa, combines with Factor VIII and a phospholipid to activate Factor X in the common pathway. See Common pathway, Factor IX deficiency.