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balanced translocation
(redirected from Chromosomal translocation)

    Also found in: Encyclopedia, Wikipedia 0.01 sec.
balanced translocation
n.
Translocation of the long arm of an acrocentric chromosome to another chromosome, accompanied by loss of the small fragment containing the centromere.
balanced translocation,
the transfer of segments between nonhomologous chromosomes in such a way that the configuration and total number of chromosomes change but each cell contains the normal amount of diploid or haploid genetic material. Usually the long arm of an acrocentric chromosome is transferred to another chromosome, and the small fragment containing the centromere is lost, leaving only 45 chromosomes. A person with a balanced translocation is phenotypically normal but may produce children with trisomies. Compare reciprocal translocation, robertsonian translocation.


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For example, the development of the drug imatinib (Gleevec)-one of the most successful targeted cancer therapies to date-stems directly from Rowley's work on the chromosomal translocation associated with CML.
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The chromosomal translocation results in a fusion between RAR [alpha] and another gene whose product is 'PML', generating a fusion product PML-RAR [alpha] , a chimaeric oncoprotein that has been extensively studied over the last 10 years.
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