cholestyramine (redirected from Cholybar)

cholestyramine /cho·le·sty·ra·mine/ (ko″lĕ-sti´rah-mēn) see cholestyramine resin, under resin.

---

cho·le·styr·a·mine (kl-stîr-mn, k-lst-rmn)

n.

A drug used to lower serum cholesterol levels and treat itching associated with jaundice through its ability to promote excretion of bile acids.

---

Cholestyramine (Questran)

A drug used to bind with bile acids and prevent their reabsorption and to stimulate fat absorption.

Mentioned in: Thyroid Function Tests

---

cholestyramine

[-tir′əmēn]

a drug used to treat hypercholesterolemia that acts on the liver's bile acids. It binds to bile acids and causes increased fecal elimination, which causes increased oxidation of cholesterol to bile acids, thereby lowering blood cholesterol levels.

---

resin [rez´in]

1. a solid or semisolid organic substance exuded by plants or by insects feeding on plants, or produced synthetically; they are insoluble in water but mostly soluble in alcohol or ether. adj., adj res´inous.

2. a compound made by condensation or polymerization of low-molecular-weight organic compounds.

acrylic r's products of the polymerization of acrylic or methacrylic acid or their derivatives, used in fabrication of medical prostheses and dental restorations and appliances.

anion exchange resin see ion-exchange resin.

cation exchange resin see ion-exchange resin.

cholestyramine resin a synthetic, strongly basic anion exchange resin in the chloride form which chelates bile salts in the intestine, thus preventing their reabsorption; used as an adjunctive therapy to diet in management of certain hypercholesterolemias and in the symptomatic relief of pruritus associated with bile stasis.

composite resin a synthetic resin, usually acrylic based, to which a high percentage of ceramic reinforcing filler has been added, such as particles of glass or silica coated with a coupling agent to bind them to the matrix; used chiefly in dental restorations. Called also composite.

epoxy resin a tough, chemically resistant, adhesive, flexible, dimensionally stable resin of epoxy polymers; used as denture base material.

ion exchange resin a high-molecular-weight insoluble polymer of simple organic compounds capable of exchanging its attached ions for other ions in the surrounding medium; classified as (a)cation or anion exchange resins, depending on which ions the resin exchanges; and (b) carboxylic, sulfonic, and so on depending on the nature of the active groups.

podophyllum resin a mixture of resins from podophyllum, used as a topical caustic in treatment of laryngeal papillomas, condylomata acuminata, and other epitheliomas.

---

cholestyramine,

n brand names: Questran, Cholybar;
drug class: antilipemic;
action: absorbs, combines with bile acids to form insoluble complex that is excreted through the feces; lowers cholesterol levels;
uses: primary hypercholesterolemia, pruritus associated with biliary obstruction, diarrhea caused by excess bile acid, digitalis toxicity, xanthomas.

---

cholestyramine

a bile-acid binding resin used to treat hyperlipidemia and as an absorbent to prevent intestinal absorption of toxins.

---

cholestyramine

LoCHOLEST, LoCHOLEST Light, Novo-Cholamine (CA), Novo-Cholamine Light (CA), Prevalite, Questran, Questran Light

Pharmacologic class: Bile acid sequestrant

Therapeutic class: Lipid-lowering agent

Pregnancy risk category C

Action

Combines with bile acid in GI tract to form insoluble complex excreted in feces. Complex regulates and increases cholesterol synthesis, thereby decreasing serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels.

Availability

Powder for suspension; powder for suspension with aspartame: 4 g cholestyramine/packet or scoop

⊘Indications and dosages

➣ Primary hypercholesterolemia and pruritus caused by biliary obstruction; primary hyperlipidemia

Adults: Initially, 4 g P.O. once or twice daily. May increase as needed and tolerated, up to 24 g/day in six divided doses.

Off-label uses

• Antibiotic-induced pseudomembranous colitis
• Adjunct in infantile diarrhea
• Digoxin toxicity

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to drug, its components, or other bile-acid sequestering resins
• Complete biliary obstruction
• Phenylketonuria (suspension containing aspartame)

Precautions

Use cautiously in:
• history of constipation or abnormal intestinal function
• pregnant patients
• children.

Administration

• Mix powder with soup, cereal, pulpy fruit, juice, milk, or water.
• Administer 1 hour before or 4 to 6 hours after other drugs.
• Be aware that fat-soluble vitamin supplements may be necessary with long-term drug use.

Route	Onset	Peak	Duration
P.O.	24-48 hr	1-3 wk	2-4 wk

Adverse reactions

CNS: headache, anxiety, vertigo, dizziness, insomnia, fatigue, syncope

EENT: tinnitus

GI: nausea, vomiting, constipation, abdominal discomfort, fecal impaction, flatulence, hemorrhoids, perianal irritation, steatorrhea

GU: hematuria, dysuria, diuresis, burnt odor to urine

Hematologic: anemia, ecchymosis

Hepatic: hepatic dysfunction

Metabolic: vitamin A, D, E, and K deficiencies; hyperchloremic acidosis

Musculoskeletal: joint pain, arthritis, back pain, muscle pain

Respiratory: wheezing, asthma

Skin: hypersensitivity reaction (irritation, rash, urticaria)

Other: tongue irritation

Interactions

Drug-drug. Acetaminophen, amiodarone, clindamycin, clofibrate, corticosteroids, digoxin, diuretics, fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K), gemfibrozil, glipizide, imipramine, methotrexate, methyldopa, mycophenolate, niacin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, penicillin, phenytoin, phosphates, propranolol, tetracyclines, tolbutamide, thyroid preparations, ursodiol, warfarin: decreased absorption and effects of these drugs

Drug-diagnostic tests. Alkaline phosphatase: increased level

Hemoglobin: decreased value

Prothrombin time: increased

Patient monitoring

• Monitor CBC with white cell differential and liver function test results.
• If bleeding or bruising occurs, monitor prothrombin time. Drug may reduce vitamin K absorption.
• Watch for constipation, especially in patients with coronary artery disease. Take appropriate steps to prevent this problem.

Patient teaching

☞ Instruct patient to immediately report yellowing of skin or eyes or easy bruising or bleeding.
• Tell patient to take drug 1 hour before or 4 to 6 hours after other drugs.
• Teach patient about role of diet in controlling cholesterol level and preventing constipation.
• Instruct patient to avoid inhaling or ingesting raw powder. Tell him to mix powder with food, juice, or milk before consuming.
• As appropriate, review all other significant and life-threatening adverse reactions and interactions, especially those related to the drugs and tests mentioned above.

---

cholestyramine

Cardiology A bile acid sequestrant that ↑ conversion of cholesterol into bile acids, and secondarily stimulates the synthesis of LD receptors Pros ↓ risk of CAD, generally safe Cons Expensive, inconvenient, GI side effects. See Cholesterol.