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Arnold-Chiari malformation
(redirected from Chiari malformation)

   Also found in: Acronyms, Wikipedia 0.03 sec.
Arnold-Chiari malformation
[är′nəldkē·är′ē]
Etymology: Julius Arnold, German pathologist, 1835-1915; Hans Chiari, French pathologist, 1851-1916
a congenital herniation of the brainstem and lower cerebellum through the foramen magnum into the cervical vertebral canal. It is often associated with meningocele and spina bifida. See also neural tube defect.

Arnold-Chiari malformation
a congenital anomaly in which the cerebellum and medulla oblongata protrude down into the cervical spinal canal through the foramen magnum; it is almost always associated with meningomyelocele, spina bifida and hydrocephalus. Recorded in calves, sheep and dogs.

Arnold-Chiari malformation
Neurology A congenital compression deformity of the 'lower brain' characterized by herniation of the cerebellar tonsils and distal medulla oblongata through the foramen magnum into the spinal canal; ACM is accompanied by compression of the 4th ventricle and firm adhesions at the cisterna magna


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It would be easy to attribute the patient's symptoms to the Chiari malformation based on the electronystagmographic and evoked-potential findings.
It diagnoses, for example, the important Chiari malformation of the brain wherein patients suffer from sudden blackouts and/or paralyses because the brain falls when the patients are upright and becomes temporarily entrapped in the opening at the base of the skull (foramen magnum).
In 1987, Ruff et al reported a case of bilateral vocal fold paralysis and sleep apnea in a patient with type I Chiari malformation.
 
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