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[gra´de-ent]
rate of increase or decrease of a variable value, or its representative curve.
electrochemical gradient the difference in ion concentration and electrical potential from one point to another, so that ions tend to move passively along it.

## e·lec·tro·chem·i·cal gra·di·ent

a measure of the tendency of an ion to move passively from one point to another, taking into consideration the differences in its concentration and in the electrical potentials between the two points; commonly expressed as the additional voltage needed to achieve equilibrium.

a trans MEMBRANE gradient formed as a result of the movement of an ION or other SOLUTE across the membrane. This comprises a gradient of electrical charge and a concentration gradient, which depends on the distribution of the ion across the membrane. Such a gradient can be generated by the operation of an ELECTRON TRANSPORT SYSTEM, in the form of a proton motive force (pmf).

## electrochemical

emanating from or pertaining to electrochemistry.

electrochemical equivalent
the atomic weight divided by the ionic valence of an electrolyte. Provides a quantitative indication of the combining properties of an electrolyte solution. The relationship between weight per volume and milliequivalents can be expressed as:
$${\rm {{mg \ /100\ ml} \over atomic \ weight} \times Valence \times 10 = mEq/l}$$
$${\rm {{mg \ /100\ ml} \over atomic \ weight} \times Valence \times 10 = mEq/l}$$