arch (ahrch) a structure of bowlike or curved outline.
branchial arches
arch of aorta , aortic arch the curving portion between the ascending aorta and the descending aorta, giving rise to the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery. 
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Arch of aorta (arcus aortae).
aortic arches paired vessels arching from the ventral to the dorsal aorta through the branchial arches of fishes and the pharyngeal arches of amniote embryos. In mammalian development, arches 1 and 2 disappear; 3 joins the common to the internal carotid artery; 4 becomes the arch of the aorta and joins the aorta and subclavian artery; 5 disappears; 6 forms the pulmonary arteries and, until birth, the ductus arteriosus.
branchial arches paired arched columns that bear the gills in lower aquatic vertebrates and which, in embryos of higher vertebrates, become modified into structures of the head and neck. In human embryos, called pharyngeal a's.
cervical aortic arch a rare anomaly in which the aortic arch has an unusually superior location.
dental arch the curving structure formed by the teeth in their normal position; the inferior dental a. is formed by the mandibular teeth, the superior dental a. by the maxillary teeth.
double aortic arch a congenital anomaly in which the aorta divides into two branches which embrace the trachea and esophagus and reunite to form the descending aorta.
arches of foot the longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot.
lingual arch a wire appliance that conforms to the lingual aspect of the dental arch, used to promote or prevent movement of the teeth in orthodontic work.
mandibular arch
1. the first pharyngeal arch, from which are developed the bone of the lower jaw, malleus, and incus.
maxillary arch
1. palatal a.
2. superior dental a., see dental a.
neural arch the primordium of the vertebral arch; one of the cartilaginous structures surrounding the embryonic spinal cord.
open pubic arch a congenital anomaly in which the pubic arch is not fused, the bodies of the pubic bones being spread apart.
oral arch one formed by the roof of the mouth from the teeth (or residual dental arch) on one side to those on the other.
palatal arch the arch formed by the roof of the mouth from the teeth on one side of the maxilla to the teeth on the other or, if the teeth are missing, from the residual dental arch on one side to that on the other.
palatoglossal arch the anterior of the two folds of mucous membrane on either side of the oropharynx, enclosing the palatoglossal muscle.
palatopharyngeal arch the posterior of the two folds of mucous membrane on either side of the oropharynx, enclosing the palatopharyngeal muscle.
palmar arches four arches in the palm: the deep palmar arterial a. formed by anastomosis of the terminal part of the radial artery with the deep branch of the ulnar, its accompanying deep palmar venous a., and the superficial palmar arterial a. formed by anastomosis of the terminal part of the ulnar artery with the superficial palmar branch of the radial and its accompanying superficial palmar venous a.
pharyngeal arches the branchial arches in the human embryo.
plantar arch the arch in the foot formed by anastomosis of the lateral plantar artery with the deep plantar branch of the dorsal artery.
pubic arch the arch formed by the conjoined rami of the ischial and pubic bones on two sides of the body.
pulmonary arches the most caudal of the aortic arches, which become the pulmonary arteries.
residual dental arch the curved contour of the ridge remaining after tooth removal.
right aortic arch a congenital anomaly in which the aorta is displaced to the right and passes behind the esophagus, thus forming a vascular ring that may cause compression of the trachea and esophagus.
supraorbital arch the curved margin of the frontal bone forming the upper boundary of the orbit.
tarsal arches two arches of the median palpebral artery, one of which supplies the upper eyelid, the other the lower.
tendinous arch a linear thickening of fascia over some part of a muscle.
vertebral arch the bony arch on the dorsal aspect of a vertebra, composed of the laminae and pedicles. 
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Vertebral arch (arcus vertebrae). The vertebral arch consists anteriorly of a pair of pedicles and posteriorly of a pair of laminae.
zygomatic arch one formed by processes of zygomatic and temporal bones.
branchial arches
Etymology: Gk, branchia, gills; L, arcus, bow
arched structures in the embryonic pharynx.
branchial, branchiogenic, branchiogenous
pertaining to, or resembling, gills of a fish or derivatives of homologous parts in higher forms.
branchial arches
paired arched columns that bear the gills in lower aquatic vertebrates and which, in embryos of higher vertebrates, become modified into structures of the face, mandible, ear and neck.
branchial clefts
the clefts between the branchial arches of the embryo, formed by rupture of the membrane separating corresponding entodermal pouch and ectodermal groove.
branchial cyst
a cyst formed deep within the neck from an incompletely closed branchial cleft, usually located between the second and third branchial arches. The branchial arches develop during early embryonic life and are separated by four clefts. As the fetus develops, these arches grow to form structures within the head and neck. Two of the arches grow together and enclose the cervical sinus, a cavity in the neck. A branchial cyst may develop within the cervical sinus. Called also branchiogenic or branchiogenous cyst. Seen rarely in dogs as a slowly developing swelling in the pharyngeal area, filled with saliva.
branchial groove
an external furrow lined with ectoderm, occurring in the embryo between two branchial arches.
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