meclizine hydrochloride (redirected from Bonamine)

meclizine hydrochloride

[mek′lizēn]

an antihistamine.

indication It is prescribed in the prevention and treatment of motion sickness.

contraindications Newborns and lactating mothers are not given this drug. Asthma or known hypersensitivity to it prohibits its use.

adverse effects Among the more serious adverse effects are drowsiness, skin rash, hypersensitivity reactions, dry mouth, tachycardia, and nervousness.

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meclizine hydrochloride (meclozine)

Antivert, Bonamine (CA), Bonine, Dramamine Less Drowsy Formula, Sea-Legs (UK)

Pharmacologic class: Anticholinergic

Therapeutic class: Antiemetic, antivertigo drug

Pregnancy risk category B

Action

Decreases excitability of middle-ear labyrinth and depresses conduction in vestibular-cerebellar pathways

Availability

Tablets: 12.5 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg

Tablets (chewable): 25 mg

⊘Indications and dosages

➣ Motion sickness

Adults: 25 to 50 mg P.O. 1 hour before travel. May repeat q 24 hours for duration of travel.

➣ Vertigo associated with diseases affecting the vestibular system

Adults: 25 to 100 mg P.O. daily in divided doses

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to drug
• Children younger than age 12

Precautions

Use cautiously in:
• prostatic hypertrophy, stenosing peptic ulcer, bladder neck obstruction, pyloroduodenal obstruction, arrhythmias, angle-closure glaucoma, bronchial asthma
• pregnant or breastfeeding patients
• children.

Administration

• Know that tablets may be chewed or swallowed whole.

Route	Onset	Peak	Duration
P.O.	1 hr	Unknown	8-24 hr

Adverse reactions

CNS: drowsiness, fatigue, confusion, excitement, euphoria, nervousness, restlessness, insomnia, vertigo, visual and auditory hallucinations, seizures

CV: hypotension, palpitations, tachycardia

EENT: blurred vision, diplopia, tinnitus, dry nose, dry throat

GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, dry mouth, anorexia

GU: difficulty urinating, urinary retention, urinary frequency

Skin: rash, urticaria

Interactions

Drug-drug. Anticholinergics (including some antihistamines, antidepressants, atropine, haloperidol, phenothiazines): additive anticholinergic effects

Antihistamines, CNS depressants (such as opioids, sedative-hypnotics): additive CNS depression

Drug-diagnostic tests. Skin tests using allergen extracts: false-negative results

Drug-behaviors. Alcohol use: additive CNS depression

Patient monitoring

• Discontinue drug, as ordered, at least 4 days before skin testing.
• Know that drug has anticholinergic effects.

Patient teaching

• Tell patient to take as prescribed to minimize adverse effects.
• Caution patient to avoid driving and other hazardous activities until he knows how drug affects concentration and alertness.
• Advise patient to relieve dry mouth with hard candy or frequent sips of fluids.
• As appropriate, review all other significant and life-threatening adverse reactions and interactions, especially those related to the drugs, tests, and behaviors mentioned above.