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Barr body

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Barr body (bär)
n.
The condensed, inactive, single X-chromosome found in the nuclei of somatic cells of most female mammals and whose presence is the basis of sex determination tests that are performed, for example, on athletes. Also called sex chromatin.

Barr body
a small mass of densely staining chromatin seen during interphase of female cells produced by condensation of one of the two X chromosomes. See also drumstick.

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The underlying premise of these studies has been based on the Lyon hypothesis, which assumes that only one X chromosome is active in any female cell, the other X chromosome remaining in an inactive state as a Barr body, and that the X chromosome that is inactivated (methylated) is determined randomly.
In 1959, Japanese cell biologist Susumo Ohno announced that each Barr body was an X chromosome, albeit a highly compacted one.
 
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