aortic stenosis

stenosis /ste·no·sis/ (stĕ-no´sis) pl. steno´ses   [Gr.] stricture; an abnormal narrowing or contraction of a duct or canal.

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aortic stenosis  (AS) a narrowing of the aortic orifice of the heart or of the aorta near the valve.

hypertrophic pyloric stenosis  narrowing of the pyloric canal due to muscular hypertrophy and mucosal edema, usually in infants.

hypertrophic subaortic stenosis , idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS) a form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the left ventricle is hypertrophied and the cavity is small; it is marked by obstruction to left ventricular outflow.

infantile hypertrophic gastric stenosis  congenital hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the musculature of the pyloric sphincter, leading to partial obstruction of the gastric outlet.

mitral stenosis  a narrowing of the left atrioventricular orifice.

pulmonary stenosis  (PS) narrowing of the opening between the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle, usually at the level of the valve leaflets.

pyloric stenosis  obstruction of the pyloric orifice of the stomach; it may be congenital or acquired.

renal artery stenosis  narrowing of one or both renal arteries, so that renal function is impaired, resulting in renal hypertension and, if stenosis is bilateral, chronic renal failure.

subaortic stenosis  aortic stenosis due to an obstructive lesion in the left ventricle below the aortic valve, causing a pressure gradient across the obstruction within the ventricle.

tricuspid stenosis  (TS) narrowing or stricture of the tricuspid orifice of the heart.

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aortic stenosis

n. Abbr. AS

Pathological narrowing of the orifice of the aortic valve.

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Aortic stenosis

A stiffening of the artery which carries blood from the heart to the body.

Mentioned in: Ventricular Ectopic Beats

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aortic stenosis (AS)

Etymology: Gk, aeirein + stenos, narrow, osis, condition

a narrowing or stricture of the aortic valve. Common causes include calcification of the valve because of age, congenital malformations such as bicuspid or unicuspid valves, or direct damage to the valve from rheumatic fever, which leads to fusion of the cusps. Aortic stenosis obstructs the flow of blood from the left ventricle into the aorta, causing decreased cardiac output and pulmonary vascular congestion. It may lead to congestive heart failure. Clinical manifestations include faint peripheral pulses, exercise intolerance, angina-type pain, syncope, and a harsh midsystolic murmur often introduced by an ejection sound. Diagnosis is confirmed by cardiac catheterization or echocardiography. Surgical repair may be indicated. Surgery is followed by frequent examinations because prosthetic valve dysfunction and bacterial endocarditis are relatively common sequelae. Children with aortic stenosis are usually restricted from strenuous activities. See also congenital cardiac anomaly, valvular heart disease.

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stenosis

narrowing or contraction of a body passage or opening. See also specific anatomical sites.

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aortic stenosis

obstruction to the outflow of blood from the left ventricle into the aorta. May be due to an anomaly of the valves (valvular), an obstruction in the ascending aorta (supravalvular), or an obstruction in the left ventricular outflow tract (subvalvular). See also aortic subvalvular stenosis, aortic valvular disease.

esophageal stenosis

a common cause of esophageal obstruction, caused commonly by esophageal trauma; congenital stenosis often associated with tracheoesophageal fistula.

left atrioventricular stenosis

see mitral stenosis (below), valvular stenosis.

mesonephric duct stenosis

occurs as stenosis of the ductus deferens or epididymis; may be associated with renal aplasia.

mitral stenosis

a narrowing of the left atrioventricular orifice. See also mitral commissurotomy.

nasopharyngeal stenosis

an acquired disorder in cats, usually following chronic upper respiratory infection, which causes upper airway obstruction with mucopurulent nasal discharge and a wheezing respiration, which is relieved with open mouth breathing.

paramesonephric duct stenosis

focal defects in the duct lead to segmental aplasia or stenosis of the uterine tube or horn.

pulmonary artery stenosis

the commonest cardiac defect in dogs; it is a narrowing of the pulmonary outflow tract and may occur in any one of a number of common sites including infundibular, valvular and subvalvular.

rectovaginal stenosis

see rectovaginal constriction.

right atrioventricular stenosis

see tricuspid stenosis (below).

subepiglottic stenosis

has the effect of reducing air flow into and out of the lungs.

tricuspid stenosis

narrowing or stricture of the tricuspid orifice of the heart.

valvular stenosis

see aortic, pulmonary, atrioventricular.

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aortic stenosis

Cardiology Narrowing of the aortic annulus caused by degeneration and calcification of the valve leaflets; AS is more common and occurs earlier in Pts with underlying valve defects–eg, bicuspid valves; AS in previously normal valves develops after age 60 and is associated with HTN and hypercholesterolemia Etiology Rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, idiopathic sclerosis Clinical Angina, syncope, CHF Hemodynamics Chronic stenosis leads to LV enlargement, CHF Examination Systolic ejection murmur radiating to the neck; in mild stenosis, the murmur peaks early in systole and is often associated with a thrill; with ↑ severity the murmur peaks progressively later in systole, and may become softer as cardiac output ↓ Diagnosis Doppler echocardiography indicates ↑ flow rates and ↓ total flow; catheterization, coronary angiography Management If asymptomatic, none needed except for prophylactic antibiotics to cover for infective endocarditis; valve replacement surgery; balloon valvotomy is only palliative. Cf Aortic regurgitation, Pulmonary stenosis.

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Patient discussion about aortic stenosis.

Q. Why does Aortic stenosis causes an enlarged heart? My father was recently diagnosed as suffering from enlarged heart due to his Aortic stenosis. what is the connection between those to conditions? As far as I understand that aortic stenosis mean that the aortic valve is too small not too large...

A. The connection between those pathologies is mainly mechanical. because your father's valve is smaller, less amount of blood can be ejected in every heart bit. because of that the heart is working harder. the heart is a muscle and like other muscles in our body when it "works out" it gets bigger

Q. How does alcohol affect someone who has been diagnosed with aortic valve stenosis? My brother has been diagnosed with aortic valve stenosis and also is a smoker and does drink alcohol on the weekends. He knows that he should stop smoking but what about the effects of alcohol? Does this also contribute to his stenosis?

A. Alcohol changes blood pressure and speed of the heart- that is not a good idea if you have an Aortic stenosis. Could probably makes things worst. I would avoid alcohol… but he should ask GP.