American trypanosomiasis

American trypanosomiasis.

trypanosomiasis [tri-pan″o-so-mi´ah-sis]

African trypanosomiasis an often fatal disease of Africa caused by Trypanosoma gambiense or T. rhodesiense and involving the central nervous system. The parasites are transmitted to human beings from cattle or other animals by the bite of the tsetse fly. Usually the first symptom is inflammation at the site of the bite, appearing within 48 hours. Within several weeks the parasites invade the blood and lymph, and eventually they attack the central nervous system. Characteristic symptoms include intermittent fever, rapid heartbeat, and enlargement of the lymph nodes and spleen. In the advanced stage of the disease there are personality changes, apathy, sleepiness, disturbances of speech and gait, and severe emaciation.

Pharmacologic treatment should begin as soon as possible and is based on lab results and patient symptoms. suramin, pentamidine isethionate, and melarsoprol are the most common medications used. Pentamidine isethionate or suramin may be injected to remove parasites from the blood or lymph nodes before onset of disease, but the most effective preventive measure is eradication of the tsetse fly.

American trypanosomiasis (South American trypanosomiasis) a form found from the southern United States south into South America, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi; it is transmitted to humans from wild animals by means of the feces of a blood-sucking bug. The parasites multiply around the points of entry before entering the blood and eventually attacking the heart, brain, and other tissues. Called also Chagas' disease.

The acute form often attacks children. Early symptoms include swelling of the eyelids and the development of a hard, red, painful nodule on the skin. Enlargement of the lymph nodes, liver, and spleen occurs, along with inflammation of the heart muscle, psychic changes, and general debility. In adults the chronic form often resembles heart disease.

The control strategy suggested by the World Health Organization is to interrupt transmission of the disease by the vectors and to systematically screen blood donors. Preventive measures, such as the wearing of protective clothing and the use of insecticides, are of primary importance. Medication with antiprotozoal agents is usually effective when administered during the acute stage of infection.

a disease of humans caused by Trypanosoma cruzi in which many animal species can act as carriers. The disease in dogs includes anemia, debility and splenomegaly; in cats there are posterior paralysis and convulsions. The disease is transmitted by reduviid bugs. Called also Chagas' disease.

American trypanosomiasis

American sleeping sickness, agent T cruzi–Chagas' disease Vector Reduviid–kissing bug Clinical The acute form most commonly affects infants, causing malaise, fever, hepatosplenomegaly; the chronic or asymptomatic form is more subtle and is accompanied by altered cardiac conduction–the most common cause of CHF in South America, megaesophagus, megacolon Management Melarsoprol, a toxic agent used for end-stage meningoencephalitic disease or propoxydecanoic acid, a myristic acid analogue which is highly toxic to, and specific for trypanosome, eflornithine

Mentioned in	?		References in periodicals archive	?		Medical browser	?		Full browser	?
African trypanosomiasis Chagas disease Chagas' disease Cruz trypanosomiasis South American trypanosomiasis Trypanosoma Trypanosoma cruzi Trypanosoma rhodesiense trypanosomiasis			cruzi infection) is also referred to as American trypanosomiasis. Chagas Disease Information ? by Richard James / Health, general community quot;Bedbugs may be a vector for hepatitis B and, in endemic areas, for American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease). Those Dirty Mexicans - Oh, Really? by Douglas Bower / Travel, recreation and leisure community Chagas is really American trypanosomiasis and also known as kissing-bug disease. A resurgence of deadly diseases: diseases once thought to be nearly ... by Kirkwood, R. Cort / The New American			American Organization of Nurse Executives American Osteopathic Association American pit bull terrier American Psychiatric Association American quarter horse American Rambouillet sheep American rattlesnake American Red Cross American Registry of Radiologic Technologists American Saddle horse American shorthair American Sign Language American singer American sneezeweed American Society for Clinical Nutrition American Society for Investigative Pathology American Society of Allied Health Professionals American Society of Anesthesiology Classification American Society of Clinical Hypnosis American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition American Speech American Staffordshire terrier American Standard Safety System American tiger cat American Trotter American trypanosomiasis American Type Culture Collection American Veterinary Boards American Veterinary Colleges1 American veterinary colleges2 American Veterinary Medical Association American veterinary specialty boards American water hemlock American water spaniel American wirehair American wormseed American-English spelling Americans With Disabilities Act americium Amerlcan Holistic Medical Association ameroid constrictor AmerToy Ames Ames room Ames test Ameslan ametazole amethocaine amethopterin ametria ametrometer			American Transportation Insurance Services American Transtech Inc. American Trapped Gas Association American Trauma Society American Trauma Victims Association American Travel Services American Travelways American Tree Creeper American Tree Farm System American Tree Sparrow American Tree Sparrow American Treecreeper American Trial Lawyers Association American Tropical race American Trote and Trocha Association, Inc. American Trotter American Trotter American Truck Dealers Association American Truck Driving School American Truck Historical Society American Truckers at War American Trucking Associations American Trucking Associations Small Carrier Program American Trudeau Society American Trust for Oxford University American Trust Mortgage Bureau American trypanosomiasis American Tudor style American Tug Owners Association American tulip tree American Tunaboat Association American Tundra Shepherd Dog Association American Turf Monthly American Turf Power Boat Association American turkey oak American Turkish Association of Southern California American Turkish Council American Turkish Society American twinflower American Type Culture Collection American Type Culture Collection American Type Foundry American U American Ukrainian Medical Foundation American Ukrainian Medical Project American Ultrarunning Association American Undergraduate Research Society American Underground-Construction Association American Underwriters Group American Uniform Commercial Code American Uniform Commercial Code American Union Against Militarism American Union Financial Group Inc.