antacid /ant·ac·id/ (ant-as´id) counteracting acidity; an agent that so acts.
Antacid
antacid
antacid [ant-as´id]
antacid,
antacid
ant·ac·id ( nt-s  d) or an·ti·ac·id (n t -sd, nt -)adj. Counteracting or neutralizing acidity, especially of the stomach. n. A substance, such as sodium bicarbonate, that neutralizes acid. |
Antacid
A substance that counteracts or neutralizes acidity, usually of the stomach. Antacids have a rapid onset of action compared to histamine H-2 receptor blockers and proton pump inhibitors, but they have a short duration of action and require frequent dosing.
Mentioned in: Proton Pump Inhibitors
antacid
[antas′id]
Etymology: Gk, anti, against, acidus, sour
1 opposing acidity.
2 a drug or dietary substance that buffers, neutralizes, or absorbs hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Nonsystemic antacids containing aluminum and calcium are constipating; those containing magnesium have a laxative effect. Systemic antacids such as sodium bicarbonate are rarely used.
antacid [ant-as´id]
1. counteracting acidity.
2. an agent that counteracts acidity; antacids are often used in the treatment of peptic ulcer. Substances that act as antacids include sodium bicarbonate, aluminum hydroxide gel, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, and magnesium trisilicate.
Since many substances used as medications are weak acids or weak bases, there is a high potential for drug-drug interaction involving antacids. Antacids can form insoluble complexes, interfere with drug absorption, and affect renal excretion of drugs by changing the pH of urine.
In the most commonly used antacids the main active agents are magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide. Magnesium hydroxide, or “milk of magnesia,” can produce diarrhea. Aluminum hydroxide and calcium carbonate are constipating. It may be necessary to alternate types of antacids when they are taken on a long-term basis. The sodium content varies; some antacids may contain as much as ten times more sodium than others. The sugar content of antacids must also be taken into account, particularly for patients with diabetes mellitus or those on a low-calorie diet. Some have no sugar, whereas others have a considerable amount.
Since many substances used as medications are weak acids or weak bases, there is a high potential for drug-drug interaction involving antacids. Antacids can form insoluble complexes, interfere with drug absorption, and affect renal excretion of drugs by changing the pH of urine.
In the most commonly used antacids the main active agents are magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide. Magnesium hydroxide, or “milk of magnesia,” can produce diarrhea. Aluminum hydroxide and calcium carbonate are constipating. It may be necessary to alternate types of antacids when they are taken on a long-term basis. The sodium content varies; some antacids may contain as much as ten times more sodium than others. The sugar content of antacids must also be taken into account, particularly for patients with diabetes mellitus or those on a low-calorie diet. Some have no sugar, whereas others have a considerable amount.
antacid,
n a substance that can counteract or neutralize acidity in the stomach.
antacid
1. counteracting acidity.
2. an agent that counteracts acidity. Substances that act as antacids include sodium bicarbonate, aluminum hydroxide gel, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium trisilicate, magnesium oxide and calcium carbonate. They are often used in humans in the treatment of peptic ulcer.
antacid
Pharmacology A basic agent that neutralizes acid in the gastric lumen; the final pH achieved is usually a function of the amount of antacid administered GI effects Antipeptic, ↑ in acid secretion, ↑ GI motility, ↑ mucus
secretion; antacids vary in absorption–eg, NaHCO3 and sodium citrate and are completely absorbed, which may result in metabolic acidosis
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