alcohol dehydrogenase (redirected from Alcohol metabolism)

alcohol dehydrogenase /al·co·hol de·hy·dro·gen·ase/ (ADH) (de-hi´dro-jen-ās) an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible oxidation of primary or secondary alcohols to aldehydes; the reaction is the first step in the metabolism of alcohols by the liver.

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alcohol dehydrogenase

n.

An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde as the first step in its metabolism by the liver.

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dehydrogenase

an enzyme that mobilizes the hydrogen of a substrate so that it can pass to a hydrogen acceptor, such as NAD+ or FAD+.

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alcohol dehydrogenase

dimeric enzyme protein of the liver catalyzing the NAD+-linked dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde.

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

see glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.

glutamate dehydrogenase (GD), glutamic dehydrogenase

an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible reaction of glutamic acid into 2-oxoglutaric acid and ammonia. High concentrations occur in the liver of sheep, cattle, horses and dogs. Serum levels are useful in detecting hepatocellular damage in ruminants.

l-iditol dehydrogenase (ID)

a liver specific enzyme; serum determinations have been used in the horse to detect hepatocellular damage. Called also sorbitol dehydrogenase, SDH.

isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICD)

an enzyme found in high concentrations in many tissues. Two major forms of the enzyme, an NAD+-dependent ICD associated with the mitochondrial TCA cycle and a NADP+-dependent ICD associated with fat synthesis in adipose tissue and lactating mammary gland of ruminants or with steroidogenesis in endocrine tissues. Serum levels have been used to detect hepatocellular damage, but it is not highly specific.

lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lactic acid dehydrogenase

an enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of lactate and pyruvate. It is widespread in tissues and is particularly abundant in kidney, skeletal muscle, liver and myocardium. It appears in elevated concentrations when these tissues are injured. See also mouse lactic dehydrogenase elevating virus.

lactate dehydrogenase agent

see pestivirus.

polyol dehydrogenase

see l-iditol dehydrogenase (above).

sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH)

see l-iditol dehydrogenase (above).