lactic acid (redirected from Acid of milk)

lactic acid /lac·tic ac·id/ (lak´tik) CH3CHOHCOOH, a compound formed in the body in anaerobic metabolism of carbohydrate and also produced by bacterial action in milk. The sodium salt of racemic or inactive lactic acid (sodium lactate) is used as an electrolyte and fluid replenisher.

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lactic acid

n.

A syrupy, water-soluble liquid existing in three isomeric forms: one in muscle tissue and blood as a result of anaerobic glucose metabolism, a second in sour milk and wines, and a third used in foods, beverages, and pharmaceuticals.

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lactic acid,

a three-carbon organic acid produced by anaerobic respiration. L-Lactic acid in muscle and blood is a product of glucose and glycogen metabolism; D-lactic acid is produced by the fermentation of dextrose by a species of micrococcus; a mixture of both D- and L-isomers is found in the stomach, in sour milk, and in certain foods prepared by bacterial fermentation, such as sauerkraut. Also called alpha-hydroxypropionic acid. See also glycolysis.

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acid (as´id),

n a chemical substance that, in an aqueous solution, undergoes dissociation with the formation of hydrogen ions; pH levels range from 0 to 6.9. See also pH and acidic. Opposite: base.

acid, acetic,

n the acid of vinegar, sometimes used as a solvent for the removal of calculus from a removable dental prosthesis. See also solvent.

acid, ascorbic,

n See vitamin C.

acid, carbolic,

n See phenol.

acid, cevitamic,

n See vitamin C.

acid conditioning,

n the use of acid (such as phosphoric acid) to prepare the tooth surface for bonding of dental adhesives or enamel sealants.

acid etchant,

n an application of phosphoric acid used to prepare enamel surfaces to aid enamel sealant placement.

acid etching,

n the process of treating the tooth enamel, generally with phosphoric acid, by removal of approximately 40 mm of enamel rod to provide retention for enamel sealant, restorative material, or orthodontic bracket.

acid, folic,

n See vitamin B complex.

acid, hydroxypropionic

n See acid, lactic.

acid, lactic (hydroxypropionic acid),

n a monobasic acid, C₃H₆O₃, formed as an end product in the intermediary metabolism of carbohydrates. The accumulation of lactic acid in the tissues is in part responsible for the lowering of pH levels during inflammatory states; that is, the drop in pH level is believed to increase bone loss level.

acid, nicotinic,

n 1. a vitamin of the B complex group and its vitamer, niacinamide, specific for the treatment of pellagra. Niacinamide functions as a constituent of coenzyme I (DPN) and coenzyme II (TPN). Nicotinic acid is found in lean meats, liver, yeast, milk, and leafy green vegetables.
n 2. an acid (C₅H₄N [COOH]) that forms part of the B complex group of vitamins. It acts as a cofactor in intermediary carbohydrate metabolism. It is a constituent of certain coenzymes that function in oxidative-reductive metabolic systems. With niacinamide, it is a pellagra-preventive factor. Also called
niacin, P.-P. factor, pyridine 3-carboxylic acid, vitamin P.-P.

acid, orthophosphoric

n See acid, phosphoric.

acid, pantothenic

n a vitamin of the B complex group, the importance of which has not been established. It is a constituent of coenzyme A.

acid phosphatase,

n an enzyme found in the kidneys, serum, semen, and prostate gland. It is elevated in serum blood levels in individuals with prostate cancer and in individuals who have recently experienced trauma.

acid, phosphoric (HPO, orthophosphoric acid),

n the principal ingredient of silicate and zinc phosphate cement liquids.

acid, pteroylglutamic,

n See vitamin B complex.

acid salt,

n a salt containing one or more replaceable hydrogen ions.

acid, strong,

n an acid that is completely ionized in aqueous solution.

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lactic

pertaining to milk.

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lactic acid

a compound formed in the body in metabolism of carbohydrate, by fermentation of carbohydrates in the rumen and by bacterial action on milk. The sodium salt of racemic or inactive lactic (sodium lactate) acid is used as an electrolyte and fluid replenisher.

lactic acid cycle

the metabolic system by which lactic acid produced by glycolysis in muscles is converted in the liver to glucose. Called also the Cori cycle.

lactic acid indigestion

see carbohydrate engorgement.

lactic acidemia

lactacidemia.

lactic acidosis

the state in ruminants in which there is an excess of lactic acid and lactate in the body, due usually to unadapted grain feeding and carbohydrate engorgement.

ruminal lactic acid

the level is high in carbohydrate engorgement.